In general, if you can sort in 3D, I think 3D performs better. But if I’m understanding what got you to try it in 3D, it’s that you have so many particle types, and views, that 200 classes doesn’t give you any junk classes?
If so, you may be interested in the discussion in this thread, about the ‘anneal sigma’ setting in 2D classification:
Regarding your hetero refinement question:
I’m not sure I understand. Hetero-refinement will refine all the particles you tell it to. All of them must go to at least one volume, right? So “unused particles” would just be the particles in the classes you aren’t interested in, right? A lot of people will stop their ab-initio after the first iteration (when everything is an amorphous blob) to generate the “junk” map for their het refinement. Then, if you force hard classification, it’s pretty easy to use het refine like a filter.